On-grid systems connect to the local utility grid, generating electricity from solar panels and utilizing inverters to convert it into usable power. They reduce electricity bills by offsetting consumption and allow for net metering, but depend on a stable grid connection

Off-grid systems operate independently of the utility grid, using solar panels, batteries, and inverters to provide electricity in remote areas. They offer energy independence but require higher initial costs for batteries and specialized equipment.

Solar street lights are standalone systems that use solar panels to charge batteries during the day and LED lights to illuminate streets at night, providing energy-efficient lighting solutions for remote or off-grid locations.

A solar pump uses solar energy to power water pumps for irrigation, livestock watering, and residential water supply. Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity, directly powering the pump or storing energy in batteries for use during low-light conditions. 

A solar water heater employs solar thermal technology to heat water using sunlight. Solar collectors absorb solar radiation, transferring heat to water or a heat-transfer fluid circulating through the system. 

Ground mount solar plants are large-scale installations where solar panels are mounted on frames on the ground, generating significant solar energy for feeding into the grid or powering large facilities. They are scalable but require careful consideration of land use and environmental impact.